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Dst KyotoIst Kyoto Est Kyoto
Dst CNN Ist CNN Est CNN

The Geomagnetic Disturbance-storm-time (Dst) index is predicted in real-time using a Machine-Learning algorithm, driven by NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center’s Real Time Solar Wind data. The “Dst CNN” is an operationalized version of the second-place winning model from the MagNet data science competition (website, Nair et al., 2023). The model is compared against the "Quicklook" Dst data derived from ground geomagnetic observatories. Dst is a measure of the severity of the geomagnetic storm. Dst is officially calculated as an average value of the horizontal component of the magnetic field observed at four near-equatorial observatories. Dst is further separated into internal storm time index (Ist) and external storm time index (Est) following Maus & Weidelt (2004). The Est index drives geomagnetic disturbance models such as NOAA's High Definition Geomagnetic Model - Real-Time (HDGM-RT). If you notice anything unusual, please send us an email at geomag.models@noaa.gov.